[Factors associated with TB/HIV coinfection: evidence from notification data in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, 2001-2012]. / Fatores associados à coinfecção tuberculose e HIV: o que apontam os dados de notificação do Estado do Amazonas, Brasil, 2001-2012.

Tuberculosis (TB) in persons living with HIV (PLHIV) is the leading infectious cause of AIDS-related death. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of TB/HIV coinfection, evaluate notification of the two diseases over time by probabilistic database linkage, and identify factors associated with AIDS and TB notifications. Prevalence of TB/HIV coinfection was 7.7%. The group of PLHIV with subsequent TB diagnosis was the most representative, despite available preventive measures. Underreporting of TB among AIDS cases was 35%, and 19.6% of TB cases could have been reported as AIDS. For AIDS cases with mention of TB, living in the state capital showed 75% greater odds of being reported to the Tuberculosis Notification System (SINAN-TB), and having died increased the odds of reporting by 40%. Of TB cases with mention of HIV, brown skin color, age 25 to 39 years, living in the state capital, and having evolved to death were associated with higher odds of reporting to the AIDS Notification System. Periodic linkage of these databases can be a powerful tool for programs to decrease underreporting.

Fatores associados à coinfecção tuberculose e HIV: o que apontam os dados de notificação do Estado do Amazonas, Brasil, 2001-2012 / Factors associated with TB/HIV coinfection: evidence from notification data in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, 2001-2012 / Factores asociados a la coinfección de la tuberculosis y VIH: lo que apuntan los datos de notificación del estado de Amazonas, Brasil, 2001-2012

A tuberculose (TB) em pessoas vivendo com HIV (PVHIV) é a maior causa infecciosa de morte relacionada à AIDS. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a prevalência da coinfecção TB/HIV, avaliar a notificação dos dois agravos de maneira temporal, por meio de relacionamento de bases de dados, e buscar fatores associados às notificações de AIDS e TB. A prevalência de coinfecção TB/HIV foi de 7,7%. O grupo de PVHIV com posterior diagnóstico de TB foi o mais representativo, apesar de medidas preventivas disponíveis. A subnotificação de TB entre os casos de AIDS foi de 35%, e 19,6% dos casos de TB poderiam ser notificados como AIDS. Para os casos de AIDS com menção de TB, residir na capital apresentou uma chance 75% maior de ser notificado no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação/Tuberculose (SINAN TB), e ter falecido aumentou em 40% a chance de registro. Dos casos de TB com menção de HIV, ser de cor parda, ter entre 25 e 39 anos, residir na capital e ter evoluído para o óbito estiveram associados à maior chance de notificação na AIDS. O linkage periódico dessas bases pode ser uma ferramenta programática poderosa para diminuir a subnotificação.

Tuberculosis (TB) in persons living with HIV (PLHIV) is the leading infectious cause of AIDS-related death. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of TB/HIV coinfection, evaluate notification of the two diseases over time by probabilistic database linkage, and identify factors associated with AIDS and TB notifications. Prevalence of TB/HIV coinfection was 7.7%. The group of PLHIV with subsequent TB diagnosis was the most representative, despite available preventive measures. Underreporting of TB among AIDS cases was 35%, and 19.6% of TB cases could have been reported as AIDS. For AIDS cases with mention of TB, living in the state capital showed 75% greater odds of being reported to the Tuberculosis Notification System (SINAN-TB), and having died increased the odds of reporting by 40%. Of TB cases with mention of HIV, brown skin color, age 25 to 39 years, living in the state capital, and having evolved to death were associated with higher odds of reporting to the AIDS Notification System. Periodic linkage of these databases can be a powerful tool for programs to decrease underreporting.

La tuberculosis (TB) en personas viviendo con VIH (PVVIH) es la mayor causa infecciosa de muerte relacionada con el SIDA. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la prevalencia de la coinfección TB/VIH, evaluar la notificación de las dos enfermedades de manera temporal, relación de bases de datos, y buscar factores asociados a las notificaciones de SIDA y TB. La prevalencia de coinfección TB/VIH fue de un 7,7%. El grupo de PVVIH, con posterior diagnóstico de TB, fue el más representativo, a pesar de las medidas preventivas disponibles. La subnotificación de TB entre los casos de SIDA fue de un 35%, y un 19,6% de los casos de TB podrían ser notificados como SIDA. Para los casos de SIDA con mención de TB, residir en la capital presentó una oportunidad un 75% mayor de ser notificada en el Sistema de Notificación de Tuberculosis (SINAN TB), y haber fallecido aumentó en un 40% la oportunidad de registro. De los casos de TB con mención de VIH, ser mestizo, tener entre 25 y 39 años, residir en la capital y haber evolucionado hacia el óbito estuvieron asociados a una mayor oportunidad de notificación en el SIDA. La vinculación periódica de estas bases puede ser una herramienta programática poderosa para disminuir la subnotificación.